Studies comparing routes consistently show IV glutathione produces five to ten times higher peak plasma concentrations than oral dosing (PubMed PMID: 24791752)
*Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation* (11th ed.)
However, the nonenzymatic formation of roGFP(S 2 ) from roGFP2(SSG) also proceeds extremely rapidly and competes with the final enzyme-catalyzed reaction step with implications for redox measurements as outlined below
Glutathione is one of the body's most important antioxidants and plays a key role in protecting cells from oxidative stress
This may be explained by the findings of Albares and colleagues, Guinot and colleagues, and Kang and colleagues , who reported that pregnancy, use of hormonal contraception and lack of use of sunscreen are aggravating factors of melasma due to increase number and activity of melanocyte in epidermis
This particularly useful in assessing cellular response to oxidative stress and toxicity