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Metabolic pathways: B12 is a cofactor in two critical reactions: Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: Converts methylmalonyl CoA (from odd-chain fatty acids and some amino acids) into succinyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs (TCA) cycle to make ATP (cellular energy)
All animal research was conducted with approval from the Animal Ethics Committee of Southern Medical University (Use License: SCXK 20210041)
Specific beneficial genera, including Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , and Dubosiella , were enriched and showed positive correlations with butyrate levels, muscle mass, and motor function, while being negatively associated with oxidative stress and atrophy-related proteins
A recent study demonstrated that SCFAs, such as propionic acid, were capable of restoring the Treg cell/Th17 imbalance and improving the course of MS (65)
Compatible combinations Melatonin: Can be used together
Given the potential effects on angiogenesis and tissue growth, patients should be monitored for any signs of abnormal tissue proliferation or changes that could indicate malignant transformation
