10.1016/j.neuint.2007.03.012 Neurochem
Research suggests that it may help support cellular repair processes, blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), and inflammatory balance
Self-administered B12 shots are generally recommended for individuals: whose bloodwork has documented low B12 levels Patients with pernicious anemia or a lack of intrinsic factor Individuals with Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or post-bariatric surgery malabsorption Vegans and strict vegetarians are unable to correct the deficiency through diet Older adults whose stomach acid production has declined with age Anyone on long-term metformin or proton pump inhibitors Across most of the U.S., injectable B12 is not sold over the counter a clinician has to write the script before a pharmacy can dispense it
Zhu TG, Wang XX, Luo WF, et al
Excess glucocorticoid exposure suppresses GH secretion mainly through the increase in hypothalamic somatostatin tone, whereas low cortisol levels causes relative GHD that is reversible by glucocorticoid therapy (Giustinas effect) ( Figure 5 ) (104)