These include: Hemodialysis Hemodialysis also often involves blood transfusion and/or administration of erythropoietin or its analogs either of which also require a TUE Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease involves homologous blood transfusions which are prohibited If an athlete requires a Prohibited treatment involving the removal and reintroduction of blood into the circulation for any legitimate medical condition, they should apply for a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) before undergoing the treatment
As a brief aside, readers may note that blood levels are not uniformly level at steady state
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The detection of sensitivity by skin testing is of doubtful value
10.1691/ph.2010.9724 [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Sharma P, Tyagi A, Bhansali P, Pareek S, Singh V, Ilyas A, Poddar NK (2021) Saponins: extraction, bio-medicinal properties and way forward to anti-viral representatives
The authors also greatly appreciate the contributions of S
