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The clinical evidence is strong enough that these peptides are widely used in optimization medicine, but the human trial data is limited
In general, there is the cytoprotection concept: the described effects of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (that has been found to be safe in ulcerative colitis trials, phase II, without a lethal dose (LD1) in the toxicology studies) were ascribed to its particular cytoprotective capabilities and pleiotropic background as an acting cytoprotective peptide that protects cells and may cure muscle disturbances in particular [11,12,13,14,24,25]
Compounded tirzepatide, on the other hand, is not FDA-approved
Integrative models of structural and matrix-linked signaling. Annu Rev Physiol
PMID 16537422