RPE is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress due to its role in phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments 2
Liebmann J, Fisher J, Lipschultz C et al (1995) Enhanced glutathione peroxidase expression protects cells from hydroperoxides but not from radiation or doxorubicin
In this interplay, for translating growth hormone actions into IGF-1 production, the production of endogenous insulin that reaches the liver via the portal vein is an essential factor
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These studies have reported encouraging findings in certain models of tissue repair and recovery, but researchers continue to emphasize the need for larger human clinical trials before conclusions can be drawn about its safety or effectiveness in people
In particular, elective procedures with high consequence complications, including TJA, warrant carefully designed observational cohorts with validated patient-reported outcomes, wound surveillance, and adverse event monitoring