Mechanisms of action Preclinical studies document: Anxiolytic effect without sedation in classical tests (elevated plus maze, open field, light-dark box) GABAergic system modulation : allosteric potentiation of GABA-A observed ex vivo Enkephalin increase (endogenous opioid peptide) and serotonergic modulation Immunomodulatory effects inherited from tuftsin: macrophage activation, T-helper modulation Behavioural models Anxiolysis is measured via time spent in open arms of the elevated plus maze (EPM), visit ratio of central zones of open field , and exit latency in light-dark box
Effect of superoxide dismutase and manganese on superoxide tolerance in Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and analysis of multiple manganese transporters
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Wittschier N, Faller G, Hensel A
Effect of the aqueous seed extract of Persea americana mill (Lauraceae) on the blood pressure of sprague-dawley rats
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