Synthetic GHK-Cu is used in cosmetics as a reparative and anti-aging ingredient
GHK-Cu Mechanism of Action in Research Models GHK-Cu is studied for copper-peptide interactions, collagen and elastin marker expression, matrix metalloproteinase balance, antioxidant-response markers and wound-model signalling
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Reduces oxidative damage to cells and DNA, which is a primary driver of visible aging and tissue degradation
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Upregulated genes were enriched in pathways related to T cell differentiation and activation (for example, RUNX3 , IFNG , TNFSF9 ), negative regulation of the immune response (for example, WASL , ID2 , TNFAIP3 ) and circadian regulation of gene expression (for example, RORA , PER1 , NRIP1 ) (Fig