Alpha-synuclein oligomers interact with metal ions to induce oxidative stress and neuronal death in Parkinson's disease
Methionine is an amino acid that reduces fat and aids in lowering cholesterol levels
In the case of ataxic syndromes, 2 scales are commonly used: the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) [247] and the international cooperative ataxia rating scale (ICARS) [248]
It can be observed that bioactive compounds are able to suppress MITF or TYR activity by either binding to transcription factors directly or by inhibiting melanogenic pathways upstream, including that of cAMP/PKA, ERK, Wnt/-catenin and MAPK
A model that seeks to explain the role of glutathione within the ER must take into account how the redox balance becomes distinct from the cytosol
Microglia and Glutamate Release Upon activation, microglia may release high amounts of the neurotransmitter glutamate, thus also contributing to excitotoxic injury during brain hypoxia-ischemia