Each drug hits certain pathways and there are clues there: Nicotine and stimulants - acetylcholine and glutamate (so maybe reduced glutamate, to begin with) Benzos - GABA (so maybe too much glutamate) Alcohol - GABA and serotonin (plus just about everything) a depressant so too much glutamate
Evolving concepts in NAD+ metabolism
With overdose it can produce muscarinic & nicotinic symptoms SLUDE Muscarinic : nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, increased peristalsis, increased salivation, increased bronchial secretions, miosis and diaphoresis Nicotinic side effects are comprised chiefly of muscle cramps, fasiculation and weakness Overdosage may result in cholinergic crisis, a state characterized by increasing muscle weakness which, through involvement of the muscles of respiration, may lead to death Pharmacokinetics for MG: Pyridostigmine is available in 3 dosage forms for MG: 1) oral solution
Researchers should also watch head-to-head data versus tirzepatide, type 2 diabetes results from REIMAGINE, and whether higher-dose or revised CagriSema programs change the competitive picture
This leaves late-comers Roche, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Pfizer, Amgen and smaller player Viking with a fraction of the market, approximately $20B
PMID 24708055
