Once we opened the lumbar lamina, we observed the spinal segment of the intrathecal catheter inserted through the L2/3 interlaminar space
The lower abdomen provides consistent absorption and easy self-administration access
The tissue that was repaired doesn't 'un-heal.' However, the underlying condition that caused the injury (biomechanics, training load, systemic inflammation) still needs to be addressed to prevent recurrence
Instead of using the patients exhalation force, this device uses pressurized gas to emit the dose [6,9,10]
Patients can be counseled about potential risks and benefits and allowed to participate in informed decision-making
Discontinue immediately and seek medical attention if severe symptoms occur (e.g., rapid heartbeat, chest pain, severe headache, or signs of allergic reaction)