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These figures are not extrapolated from a human trial (there isnt one) and they are not scaled from the mouse papers

Aging reduces NAD+ synthesis pathways while increasing consumption by enzymes like CD38 and PARPs, activated by inflammation and damage.[13][15] CD38, an immune-related enzyme, ramps up with age, breaking down NAD+ precursors

This allows researchers to test a range of doses on a smaller cohort, identifying the minimum effective dose and any potential adverse effects before committing to a larger, more resource-intensive study

Oral vitamin B12 is generally safe to take at recommended doses

Are there any side effects

Mild nausea, reported by a small number of patients after the first one or two injections