Y., Kholif A
Additional at-risk groups include: Vegans and strict vegetarians , who may have low dietary B12 intake People with autoimmune conditions , including pernicious anaemia or type 1 diabetes Individuals with gastrointestinal conditions such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease, which impair nutrient absorption People who have undergone bariatric surgery , which can significantly reduce B12 absorption Long-term users of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2-receptor antagonists , which reduce gastric acid and impair B12 release from food Those with a family history of either pernicious anaemia or diabetes For these groups, simultaneous monitoring of B12 status and glycaemic markers is particularly important to avoid diagnostic errors
Some researchers use GHK-Cu alongside immunological treatments, providing regenerative support once immune attacks are controlled
Proper functioning of the BBB keeps the brain free from hazardous materials in circulation, provides nutrients for brain tissues, and facilitates the excretion of detrimental compounds from the brain to the blood
Physio., 581(pt2), 431-444, 2007
A high prevalence of mood disorders is also observed in individuals with GH deficiency (105)
