B12 is an essential nutrient, and its deficiency is common, especially among individuals following restricted diets like vegetarianism or veganism, pregnant or breastfeeding women, older adults, those who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery or have gastrointestinal disorders, and people with an autoimmune condition known as pernicious anaemia
Note the safety label: pharmaceutical bacteriostatic water carries a warning against use in newborns because of the benzyl alcohol
Injection-site irritation is possible but uncommon
The treatment group showed significant reductions in body weight (approximately 5% loss) and white adipose tissue mass (35% reduction) compared to control animals, despite no changes in food intake
A mild B12 deficiency can be corrected with a standard multivitamin
This stall is a known physiological response to prolonged caloric restriction