Increases in resting heart rate are a recognised class effect of incretin-based therapies and have been reported with GLP-1 receptor agonists more broadly, as reflected in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) for licensed agents such as semaglutide (Wegovy) and liraglutide (Saxenda)
According to the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, functional B12 deficiency is most commonly seen in patients with one or more of the following: Age over 50 stomach acid production declines with age, and stomach acid is required to free B12 from food PPI or H2 blocker use reflux medications suppress the acid needed for B12 absorption Metformin use, which interferes with B12 absorption directly Vegan or vegetarian diets B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products Gut conditions including celiac, IBS, SIBO, and Crohns MTHFR mutations that affect how B12 is metabolized once absorbed Heavy alcohol use The symptoms of low B12 are easy to dismiss: fatigue, brain fog, low mood, tingling in the hands or feet, weakness, and shortness of breath on mild exertion
"Optic neuropathy as a presenting feature of vitamin B-12 deficiency: A systematic review of literature and a case report"
Vaser ultrasonic liposuction uses ultrasonic sound waves to break up the fat cells, which are then gently removed using a minimally-invasive microcannula
However, vitamin B12 shots should be taken only by healthcare professionals
Homocysteine-lowering by B vitamins slows the rate of accelerated brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial
