Sensitivity analysis for combined fatal and non-fatal CVD outcomes, re-classifying past smokers who stopped smoking three or fewer years prior to baseline as current smokers
By contrast, the link between smoking and many serious diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease or chronic lung disease is unquestionable
Several individual-level sociodemographic characteristics were also found to be significant in the adjusted model (sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, marital status and education)
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Around 2005, initiation rates during late adolescence were lowest in boys and girls in North Europe, with 20 smoking initiations per 1,000 teens each year, and the highest rates were in boys from South Europe, with 80 initiations per 1,000 teens each year
Fluorescence intensity was quantified with ImageJ