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We calculated the sample size based on an anticipated acceptance of 50% and will continue recruitment after these reassuring results from the pilot study
The most widely used of such instruments are the Fagerstrm Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), created in 1978,(4) and its improved version, the Fagerstrm Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND, Appendix 1), both devised by Fagerstrm et al.(5,6) The FTND was developed mainly because the FTQ had significant psychometric disadvantages, such as unacceptable internal consistency, poor criterion validity and a multifactorial structure.(7) The FTND was initially developed to determine whether or not nicotine replacement therapy is needed to treat withdrawal syndrome
Can Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Lead to Nicotine Dependency in Non-Smokers
I spend a lot of time socialising and all my friends smoke, which was challenging, however, I've stayed strong and smoke free throughout
A person may consider snuff a safer alternative to smoking or a way to help quit smoking
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