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Profile: 70s with Volute
Cigarettes gained in popularity after the American Civil War (1861-1865 CE) but were still costly to manufacture as each one was rolled by hand
Another distinctive type of moulded mark was the cartouche, which comprised a raised border, usually circular and sometimes decorated, within which the makers initials, name or symbol were placed
Apart from over 50 known human carcinogens (methylcholanthrene, benzo--pyrenes, acrolein) tobacco smoke contains toxins (carbon monoxide, ammonia, acetone, nicotine, hydroquinone), chemically reactive solids, and oxidants (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, nitrogen oxides) [87,88]
This helps the leaves to become larger and thicker