Vijay Limaye, a climate and health scientist at the National Resources Defense Council, told ABC News
A recent systematic review with GRADE assessment found that smoking cessation and, in more limited evidence, switching to exclusive e-cigarette use were associated with early improvements in pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and flow-mediated dilation, changes that are biologically compatible with improved arterial compliance and reduced vascular tone, and thus may contribute to lower blood pressure, although overall certainty was low (moderate only for RCT evidence on flow-mediated dilation) [25]
It pushes the average packet of cigarettes to almost $50
Are heated tobacco products worse than cigarettes
Finally, this study, while multinational and methodologically robust, was not without limitations
Another first-time question: Have you had a concussion from a sport or physical activity at least once in the previous year