does cigarettes cause constipation and Quitting Smoking: Is it Normal and What Can We Do About It? Constipation after quitting smoking

"Salivary cortisol in psychoneuroendocrine research: recent developments and applications." Psychoneuroendocrinology

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One article states: As you breathe in from a cigarette or vape pen, the air can travel into your digestive tract, causing you to bloat. Nicotine effects on digestion and acid reflux Nicotine is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which can allow stomach acid to move upward (acid reflux), and that can lead to bloating, fullness, belching

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Written by a prominent psychiatrist, with actual patient commentary, this book is an invaluable resource for anyone coping with the medical, psychological, and emotional turmoil of smoking

Get medical help promptly if you have chest pain, severe shortness of breath, fainting, severe panic, or thoughts of self-harm