VIP itself is a multi-system neuropeptide studied for receptor-mediated signaling through VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors
Most providers recommend mixing 1ml or 2ml of bacteriostatic water with a 10mg vial
GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex) is a tripeptide-copper coordination compound supplied as a lyophilised analytical reference material for high-precision molecular binding assays, peptide sequence stability studies, and spectrophotometric analysis
Chronic illness, like diabetes, can also interfere, partly because diabetes is associated with higher rates of obesity and PCOS, which are both factors causing irregular periods
Researchers concluded the peptide causes sustained endocrine changes consistent with anabolic and lipolytic signaling
That is the evidence gap, stated plainly: the mechanism is well-motivated and the preclinical signal is consistent, but no human study has confirmed that any of it translates to people, at any dose, by any route