It earns the title of master antioxidant because it does more than just neutralize free radicals
Beneath that surface similarity, however, they are genuinely different molecules: BPC-157 is a 15-amino-acid sequence isolated from a cytoprotective fraction of human gastric juice and characterized by Predrag Sikiric and the Zagreb group, while TB-500 is a 17-amino-acid synthetic fragment of the 43-residue actin-sequestering protein Thymosin Beta-4 (T4), originally isolated from calf thymus by Allan Goldstein and colleagues
Therefore, the fraction of drug that survives the first pass through the liver is simply (1 - E)
As previously described (Strbe et al., 2021), intestinal tissue damage was analyzed using a histologic scoring scale adapted from Chui and coworkers (Chui et al., 1970) on a scale of 05 (normal to severe) in three categories (mucosal injury, inflammation, and hyperemia/hemorrhage) for a total score of 015, as described by Lane and coworkers (Lane et al., 1997)
doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.014 35 GisondiPDel GiglioMGirolomoniG
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1114-16.2016 402 SkjevlingL.GollR.HanssenH
