Cognitive symptoms, including memory problems and confusion, may show gradual improvement over three to six months, particularly in older adults
As of June 2026, the FDA's December 2024 Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee evaluation concluded that the criteria weighed against placing AOD-9604 (free base) or AOD-9604 acetate on the 503A Bulks List, and AOD-9604 is currently listed as Nominated but Withdrawn from FDA Category 2
This NAD+ elevation activates sirtuins (particularly SIRT1), enhances mitochondrial function, and preserves methylation capacity by reducing S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) consumption
Clinical trials confirmed that AOD-9604 has no negative impact on glucose metabolism, representing a significant safety advantage for individuals with metabolic concerns
Its effects on overall NAD+ biology are still being characterized in preclinical research
The compound can be used by women, though effects specific to female physiology have not been specifically studied